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2025 NECO Data Processing (OBJ & Essay) Answers [26th June]
Get Free Live 2025 NECO June/July Data Processing (DATA) OBJ & Essay Questions and Answers Free of Charge | NECO June/July Free Data Processing (Objectives and Theory) Questions and Answers EXPO Room (26th June, 2025).
NECO JUNE/JULY 2025 FREE DATA PROCESSING OBJ & ESSAY (DATA) QUESTION AND ANSWER ROOM 
 
Thursday 26th June, 2025
Data Processing (Objective & Essay)
10:00am – 1:00pm
 

A. 2025 NECO DATA PROCESSING (OBJECTIVES) ANSWERS:

1-10: AABDDCBDEA
11-20: ACEBDAABAC
21-30: EADEAABDAB
31-40: DCACACAABC
41-50: CCEDAABADA
51-60: CCCADDACEA
 

B. 2025 NECO DATA PROCESSING (THEORY) ANSWERS: 

(1ai)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Digitalisation is the process of converting information or systems from analog or manual form into digital formats for use with computers and digital devices.

OR

Digitalisation refers to the use of digital technologies to change a business model and provide new revenue and value-producing opportunities. It is the process of moving to a digital business.

(1aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Digitalisation makes work faster and easier.
(ii) It helps people to communicate easily using phones and the internet.
(iii) It allows businesses to store and find information quickly.
(iv) It reduces the use of paper, which saves cost.
(v) It creates new job opportunities in the tech industry.

(1b)


(2a)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Size: Microcomputer
(ii) Purpose: General purpose computer

OR

(i) Size: Minicomputer
(ii) Purpose: Special purpose computer

(2b)
(PICK SAME ONE YOU PICKED IN 2aii)
The general purpose computer is designed to perform a variety of tasks such as typing documents, browsing the internet, playing videos, and running different software applications. It is flexible and can be used in homes, schools, and offices for everyday computing needs.

OR

A special purpose computer is designed to perform a specific task or set of tasks. Unlike general purpose computers, it cannot be reprogrammed for other functions. Examples include ATMs, washing machine controllers, and traffic light systems. These computers are efficient and reliable for their specific functions.

(2ci)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Education
(ii) Health care
(iii) Banking and finance
(iv) Transportation
(v) Business
(vi) Communication

(2cii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) People use ICT to steal money and personal information online.
(ii) Many workers lose their jobs because machines now do their work.
(iii) Some people spend too much time on phones and computers.
(iv) Hackers can enter private accounts and steal data.
(v) Looking at screens for a long time can affect your eyes and posture.
(vi) Fake news spreads quickly through social media and the internet.

(3ai)
(PICK ANY ONE)
A word processing package is a software used to type, edit, and arrange text in a neat format for printing or saving. It helps users create documents like letters, reports, and essays.

OR

A word processing package is a computer program used to create, edit, format, and print text documents. Examples include Microsoft Word and Google Docs.

(3aii)
Microsoft Word:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Allows users to format text using font style, size, and color.
(ii) Supports insertion of tables, images, and symbols.
(iii) Offers spelling and grammar check for correcting errors.

Microsoft Excel:
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Performs calculations using formulas and functions.
(ii) Creates charts and graphs for data visualization.
(iii) Sorts and filters data in rows and columns

(3b)
(i) Highlight the text you want to format.
(ii) Click on the Bold (B) icon to make the text bold.
(iii) Click on the Italic (I) icon to make the text italic.
(iv) Click on the Underline (U) icon to underline the text.

(3ci)
(PICK ANY ONE)
A range in Microsoft Excel refers to a group or block of selected cells within a worksheet. These cells may be arranged in a row, column, or rectangular block. For example, selecting cells from A1 to D4 forms a range written as A1:D4. Ranges are useful for calculations, formatting, and chart creation.

OR

In Excel, a range is the area you select to perform operations on multiple cells at once. It can include any number of adjacent or non-adjacent cells. You can apply formulas, change formats, or create charts using ranges. A well-selected range helps users organize and analyze data more effectively in spreadsheets.

(3cii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
A worksheet in Microsoft Excel is a single page within a workbook where data is entered and organized in rows and columns. Each worksheet contains cells where users input numbers, text, or formulas. Worksheets are commonly used for calculations, budgeting, and data analysis. Multiple worksheets can exist within one workbook.

OR

In Microsoft Excel, a worksheet serves as the primary workspace for entering, calculating, and organizing data. It consists of a grid of cells arranged in rows and columns. Each cell can hold values, formulas, or labels. Worksheets are used for various tasks, including accounting, scheduling, and data recording within a workbook.

(4ai)
(PICK ANY ONE)
A data model is a conceptual framework used to describe the structure, relationships, and constraints of data in a database. It defines how data is connected, stored, and accessed within a database system.

OR

A data model is a formal method of representing the structure and relationships of data elements within a database. It outlines how data is stored, linked, and manipulated using logical rules and frameworks.

(4aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) It helps in the proper organization and structuring of data.
(ii) It improves communication between database designers and end-users.
(iii) It assists in identifying the requirements and rules of the database.
(iv) It serves as a blueprint for creating physical databases and software systems.

(4b)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Web design involves creating the layout, appearance, and functionality of websites using tools like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript while Graphic packages refer to software applications like CorelDRAW or Adobe Photoshop used for creating and editing visual images, illustrations, and page layouts.

OR

Web design refers to the process of creating and structuring websites for the internet. It involves designing layouts, user interfaces, and interactive features using languages like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript while Graphic packages, on the other hand, are software tools used to create and manipulate visual content such as images, logos, and posters. Examples include Adobe Photoshop and CorelDRAW. They focus more on visual artistry than functional website creation.

(4c)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Single-user Operating System: This operating system allows only one user to interact with the computer at a time. It is commonly used in personal computers for tasks like document creation, browsing, and media playback. Examples include Windows 10 and macOS.

(ii) Multi-user Operating System: A multi-user operating system supports multiple users working on a single system simultaneously. It ensures that each user’s data and activities are managed separately. It is used in institutions and servers. UNIX and Linux are common examples.

(iii) Real-time Operating System: A real-time operating system handles data and instructions immediately as they are received. It is used in environments where quick and accurate responses are required, like medical machines, industrial robots, and aircraft systems.

(iv) Network Operating System: This system allows multiple computers to share files, printers, and other resources over a network. It requires a central server for management. It is mostly used in offices and schools. Examples are Windows Server and Novell NetWare.

(v) Embedded Operating System: An embedded operating system is installed in special-purpose devices such as ATMs, microwaves, and smart TVs. It controls the device’s specific functions and operates with limited memory and resources. It is stable, fast, and highly reliable.

(5ai)
(PICK ANY ONE)
The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers and devices that communicate using standard protocols to share data, resources, and services such as the web, email, and file sharing.

OR

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use standardized communication protocols to link devices worldwide, allowing users to access information, communicate, and share resources across vast distances.

(5aii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Sign-in is the process of accessing an existing account by entering the username and password while Sign-up is the process of creating a new account by providing personal details and credentials

OR

Sign-in happens after registration; it involves entering your existing login credentials to access your email account while Sign-up is when a user creates a new profile or account on a platform for the first time by filling out registration details

(5b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) It improves data availability and reliability.
(ii) It allows faster local access to data.
(iii) It provides better fault tolerance.
(iv) It enables data to be stored closer to users, reducing transmission delays.

(5c)
(i) URL – Uniform Resource Locator
(ii) ISP – Internet Service Provider
(iii) PPP – Point-to-Point Protocol
(iv) HTML – HyperText Markup Language

(6ai)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Switches are networking devices that connect multiple devices in a network and intelligently forward data to the intended destination device based on MAC addresses.

OR

Switches are smart network devices that connect multiple computers within a Local Area Network (LAN). They identify devices using MAC addresses and send data directly to the intended device, making communication faster and more efficient than hubs.

(6aii)
Hubs are simple networking devices that connect multiple computers or network devices together, broadcasting data to all connected devices without filtering.

OR

A hub is a basic networking device that connects several computers in a network and broadcasts data to all connected devices, regardless of the destination. Unlike switches, hubs do not filter traffic, which can cause network congestion.

(6b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Infected Removable Devices
(ii) Internet Downloads
(iii) Email attachments from unknown sources.
(iv) Pirated Software.
(v) Malicious Social Media Links

(6bii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Install and regularly update antivirus software.
(ii) Avoid downloading files from untrusted sources.
(iii) Do not open email attachments from unknown senders.
(iv) Enable firewalls and perform regular system scans.

(6c)
(i) Alt + Esc: Switches between open windows in the order they were opened.
(ii) Ctrl + Backspace: Deletes the entire word to the left of the cursor.

 

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