NECO GCE GOVERNMENT (ESSAY) ANSWERS 2022:
(1)
[PICK ANY SIX]
(i) Resources: Lack of human and material resources may put restraints on the exercise of state authority.
(ii)
Pressure group activity: Pressure groups and certain individuals need
to be consulted before the enactment and implementation of laws in the
state without which they can influence the public for non- compliance.
(iii)The
constitution: The constitution formally creates the state and defines
the various powers to be exercised as well as their limitations.
(iv)The electorate: The electorates can check the excesses of the government through elections.
(v)
International laws and membership of international organisations:
States accept limitation on their sovereignty when they become members
of international organisations like the U.N.O, O.A.U., ECOWAS as they
have to comply with the laws and resolutions of these organisations.
(vi)
Public opinion: International and local public opinions may prevent or
control a country or state from taking an action, e.g. fear of sanctions
and embargoes.
(vii)Customs and traditions: Customs and
traditions of the people are taken into consideration when making law
and this affects the sovereignty of the state.
(viii)Coup d'etat: This may erode popular sovereignty.
(ix)Types
of governmental power: Sovereignty is better exercised under a unitary
government than in federal and con-federal systems.
(3a)
An electoral commission is defined as a body responsible for organizing and conduction of elections in a political system.
(3b)
[PICK ANY FIVE]
(i) Conduct of election: It is involved in the conduct, organisation and administration of elections in a country.
(ii)
Registration of voters: The electoral commission is responsible for the
registration of eligible voters for any election. 3. Division of a
country into constituencies
(iv)Type of voting: The electoral commission decides the type of voting system to be adopted.
(v) Provision of electoral materials: It provides ballot boxes, ink, papers and other needed election materials.
(vi) Registration of political parties; It has the power to screen and register political parties for elections.
(vii) Display of voters' register: It displays voters' register after registration.
(viii) Revision of voters' list: This is also one of the functions of the commission
(ix)
Appointment and training of electoral officials: The commission is also
mandated to recruit and train electoral officials for elections.
(5)
(i)
Agricultural Development: NEPAD has made some progress in the area of
agriculture. Through the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development
Programme (CAADP), NEPAD is slowly laying the foundation for higher
agricultural productivity and output in Africa. As a result of CAADP,
African countries are paying more attention to the agriculture sector.
(ii)
It has put Africa on the global agenda and has also galvanized
international support for the region: As a result of the adoption of
NEPAD, the Group of Eight (G8) launched the Africa Action Plan in June
2002 and made commitments to support the implementation of NEPAD. Since
then, there has been a significant increase in official development
assistance (ODA) to Africa.
(iii) Progress in economic and political governance: NEPAD has also made some progress in the area of economic and political
governance.
The economic environment in several countries in the region has
improved, particularly in areas such as tax reform, access to credit,
and enforcement of contracts. Furthermore, in the area of political
governance, significant progress has been made, particularly on
electoral issues and processes.
(iv) It has compelled the United
Nations to take actions to enhance coherence in the provision of support
to Africa: Since the endorsement of NEPAD in United Nations General
Assembly on 4th November 2002, NEPAD has become widely accepted as the
framework and mechanism through which the United Nations and the
international community should support Africa’s development efforts.
(v)
Strengthening Pharmaceutical innovation in Africa: In partnership with
COHRED and George Institute, NEPAD Agency played a key role in the
development and publication of the “Strengthening Pharmaceutical
Innovation in Africa” Report designed to support AU Member States on
Pharmaceutical Innovation in Africa.
(vi) African Union (AU)
Model Law: The NEPAD Agency, through the AMRH programme, facilitated the
development of the AU Model Law on Medical Products Regulation. The AU
Model Law was endorsed by African Heads of State and Government at the
January 2016 AU Summit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The AU Model Law
contributes towards harmonizing medicines regulatory systems and
providing an enabling environment for the development and scale-up of
health technologies in Africa.
(9)
[PICK ANY SIX]
(i)
Differences in ethnic Composition: There are differences in traditions,
culture, language, religion, etc. These differences exist among the
different ethnic groups, hence the adoption of federalism in Nigeria.
(ii)
Fear of ethnic domination: The fear of one major ethnic group
dominating others may give rise to the adoption of federalism.
(iii) Size of Country: Nigeria has a large population and with a wide geographical expression, federalism is a better option.
(iv)
Minority interest: Adoption of federalism in Nigeria, is one way of
protecting the interests of the minority. Nigeria has both the majority
and minority tribes and other diversified interests and groups.
(v) Geographical Contiguity: The geographical nearness of the people in the country gave rise to the adoption of federalism.
(vi) Even development: Federalism promotes quick and even development and this is one of the reasons why Nigeria embraced it.
(vii)
For security purposes: Different sovereign states may decide to come
together by adopting federalism and this is done to have a secured
sovereign state, for example, U.S. A., Switzerland, etc.
(viii)
To generate Employment opportunities: Federal system makes for
duplication of functions, thereby generating employment opportunities in
the process.
(ix) Desire for a Union: There was the desire among
the various groups to come together and form a union. This will remove
all fears of external aggression.
(x) To bring government nearer
to the people: Federalism may give rise to the creation of other units
of government e.g states, local governments etc. This will help to bring
the government nearer to the people.
(10)
(i) Personality
clash: One of the factors which contributed to the Action Group crisis
of 1962 was the personality clash between Chief Obafemi Awolowo the
party Leader and Chief Akintola his deputy party leader. Chief Awolowo
saw chief Akintola as over ambitious and egocentric individual that
wanted to supplant him as the leader of the party. This made Chief
Awolowo to view his deputy, Chief Akintola as a traitor and perfidy
personified who must be removed.
(ii) Power struggle: The
allegation that Chief Awolowo who was the leader of opposition in the
Federal House of Representatives wanted to be consulted as the party
leader before any important policy decisions were to be taken by western
regional government headed by Chief Akintola was another major cause of
the crisis in Action Group. Chief Akintola and other officials of
western regional government saw chief Awolowo as a political usurper.
(iii)
Introduction of a new ideology into the party - democratic socialism:
This innovation brought the party into two opposing camps. Democratic
socialism demands mixed socialist economy, having the support of the
radical group in the party. The conservatives were opposed to this
ideology because it was in conflict with their interests which covered
commercial and business sectors.
(iv) Faction in decisions: The
most conflicting issue that tore members of the Action Group into shreds
was the question of whether or not the party should participate in the
formation of the National Government at the federal level. The party was
divided into two main factions. One was led by Chief Awolowo while
others was headed by Chief Akintola. Chief Akintola’s group supported
co-operation with NPC – controlled federal government, but the Chief
Awolowo group did not want to have anything to do with NPC, instead
preferred a progressive alliance with the NCNC in order to root out NPC
from power.
(v) Decision to abolish the post of a Deputy leader
for the party, remove Chief Akintola as the premier of western Region
and also dismiss Chief Ayo Rosiji, as the secretary of the party at the
federal level. Chief S.L. Akintola, was found guilty of
bad-administration, anti-party activities, disloyalty and gross
indiscipline and therefore should be removed. The majority of party
members in the Western Regional House of Assembly passed a vote of no
confidence in the premier and presented same to the Governor, Sir
Adesoji Aderemi. The Governor then had to remove Chief Akintola as the
premier and he appointed Alhaji D. S. Adegbenro, the parliamentary
leader in the House as the new premier. The Regional House met to ratify
the decision of the executive, but turmoil broke out resulting in a
free-for-all fight. It was alleged that supporters of Akintola started
the fight; this was a strategy to prevent the normal conduct of the
House affairs. The Police was called in and with teargas dispersed the
members of the House.
(vi) The reinstatement of Chief Akintola as
the Premier led to his formation of a new party called United
Progressive Party (UPP) and with an alliance with some members of NCNC,
formed a coalition government in the region. UPP and NCNC later became
Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP). Justice G.B.A. Coker was
appointed to head a commission of inquiry to investigate allegations of
maladministration and misappropriation of public funds in some public
corporations in the Region and at the end of the investigation, Chief
Akintola, was not found guilty of such. The excising of Mid-west Region
from the Western Region was another factor that led to the crises in
Action Group. It should be of note that the A.G. never supported this
action.
NECO GCE GOVERNMENT (OBJECTIVE) ANSWERS 2022:
1-10: BBDACCABAD
11-20: BAEBDAABBC
21-30: BBAECEECBB
31-40: ECACBDCBAE
41-50: EDEABCCBAE
51-60: CDAEEABECC
NECO GCE GOVERNMENT ESSAY & OBJ ANSWERS 2022:
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